ABSTRACT
Klebsiella pneumoniae liver abscess accompanied by metastatic infectious complications was firstly reported in 1986. The pathogen was defined as Hypervirulent K. pneumoniae (hvKp) after a series of studies, which is an evolving pathotype and more virulent than classical K. pneumoniae (cKp). At present, it is difficult to distinguish hvKp and cKp in the clinical microbiology lab, which results in delay in early diagnosis and treatment on hvKp-related infections. Biliary tract diseases after cholangiojejunostomy, biliary interventional therapy and liver transplantation have become common causes of recurrent acute cholangitis. The incidence of bacterial liver abscess is on the rise, especially the infection caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. This article reviews difficulties in the diagnosis and treatment of bacterial liver abscess.